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Snake venomics of monocled cobra (Naja kaouthia) and investigation of human IgG response against venom toxins.
- Source :
-
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology [Toxicon] 2015 Jun 01; Vol. 99, pp. 23-35. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Mar 11. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- The venom proteome of the monocled cobra, Naja kaouthia, from Thailand, was characterized by RP-HPLC, SDS-PAGE, and MALDI-TOF-TOF analyses, yielding 38 different proteins that were either identified or assigned to families. Estimation of relative protein abundances revealed that venom is dominated by three-finger toxins (77.5%; including 24.3% cytotoxins and 53.2% neurotoxins) and phospholipases A2 (13.5%). It also contains lower proportions of components belonging to nerve growth factor, ohanin/vespryn, cysteine-rich secretory protein, C-type lectin/lectin-like, nucleotidase, phosphodiesterase, metalloproteinase, l-amino acid oxidase, cobra venom factor, and cytidyltransferase protein families. Small amounts of three nucleosides were also evidenced: adenosine, guanosine, and inosine. The most relevant lethal components, categorized by means of a 'toxicity score', were α-neurotoxins, followed by cytotoxins/cardiotoxins. IgGs isolated from a person who had repeatedly self-immunized with a variety of snake venoms were immunoprofiled by ELISA against all venom fractions. Stronger responses against larger toxins, but lower against the most critical α-neurotoxins were obtained. As expected, no neutralization potential against N. kaouthia venom was therefore detected. Combined, our results display a high level of venom complexity, unveil the most relevant toxins to be neutralized, and provide prospects of discovering human IgGs with toxin neutralizing abilities through use of phage display screening.<br /> (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Amino Acid Sequence
Animals
Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins antagonists & inhibitors
Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins chemistry
Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins isolation & purification
Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins toxicity
Cobra Neurotoxin Proteins antagonists & inhibitors
Cobra Neurotoxin Proteins chemistry
Cobra Neurotoxin Proteins isolation & purification
Cobra Neurotoxin Proteins toxicity
Elapid Venoms antagonists & inhibitors
Elapid Venoms chemistry
Elapidae immunology
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Humans
Immunoglobulin G isolation & purification
Lethal Dose 50
Mice
Molecular Sequence Data
Peptide Fragments antagonists & inhibitors
Peptide Fragments chemistry
Peptide Fragments isolation & purification
Peptide Fragments toxicity
Peptide Mapping
Phospholipases A2 chemistry
Phospholipases A2 isolation & purification
Phospholipases A2 toxicity
Proteomics
Reptilian Proteins antagonists & inhibitors
Reptilian Proteins chemistry
Reptilian Proteins isolation & purification
Snake Bites blood
Snake Bites metabolism
Thailand
Antivenins analysis
Elapid Venoms toxicity
Elapidae metabolism
Immunoglobulin G analysis
Reptilian Proteins toxicity
Snake Bites immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1879-3150
- Volume :
- 99
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25771242
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.03.001