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Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of wheat straw: influence of feedwater pH prepared by acetic acid and potassium hydroxide.
- Source :
-
Bioresource technology [Bioresour Technol] 2015 Apr; Vol. 182, pp. 336-344. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Feb 14. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- In this study, influence of feedwater pH (2-12) was studied for hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of wheat straw at 200 and 260°C. Acetic acid and KOH were used as acidic and basic medium, respectively. Hydrochars were characterized by elemental and fiber analyses, SEM, surface area, pore volume and size, and ATR-FTIR, while HTC process liquids were analyzed by HPLC and GC. Both hydrochar and HTC process liquid qualities vary with feedwater pH. At acidic pH, cellulose and elemental carbon increase in hydrochar, while hemicellulose and pseudo-lignin decrease. Hydrochars produced at pH 2 feedwater has 2.7 times larger surface area than that produced at pH 12. It also has the largest pore volume (1.1 × 10(-1) ml g(-1)) and pore size (20.2 nm). Organic acids were increasing, while sugars were decreasing in case of basic feedwater, however, phenolic compounds were present only at 260°C and their concentrations were increasing in basic feedwater.<br /> (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Acetic Acid chemistry
Biofuels
Carbon chemistry
Cellulose chemistry
Furaldehyde chemistry
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Hydroxides chemistry
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Phenols chemistry
Potassium Compounds chemistry
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Temperature
Biotechnology methods
Triticum chemistry
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-2976
- Volume :
- 182
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Bioresource technology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25710573
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.02.024