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Australian Staphylococcus aureus Sepsis Outcome Programme annual report, 2013.
- Source :
-
Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report [Commun Dis Intell Q Rep] 2014 Dec 31; Vol. 38 (4), pp. E309-19. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Dec 31. - Publication Year :
- 2014
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Abstract
- From 1 January to 31 December 2013, around Australia 26 institutions around Australia participated in the Australian Staphylococcal Sepsis Outcome Programme (ASSOP). The aim of ASSOP 2013 was to determine the proportion of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) isolates in Australia that are antimicrobial resistant, (with particular emphasis on susceptibility to methicillin) and to characterise the molecular epidemiology of the isolates. Overall 19.1% of the 2,010 SAB episodes were methicillin resistant, which is significantly higher than that reported in most European countries. Although the SAB 30-day all cause mortality appears to be decreasing in Australia, methicillin-resistant SAB associated mortality remains high (20.1%) and was significantly higher than methicillin-sensitive SAB associated mortality (13%) (P< 0.0001). With the exception of the ß-lactams and erythromycin, antimicrobial resistance in methicillin sensitive S. aureus remains rare. However, in addition to the ß-lactams, approximately 50% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were resistant to erythromycin and ciprofloxacin and approximately 20% were resistant to co-trimoxazole, tetracycline and gentamicin. Linezolid, daptomycin and teicoplanin resistance was detected in a small number of S. aureus isolates. Resistance to vancomycin was not detected. Resistance was largely attributable to 2 healthcare associated MRSA clones; ST22-IV [2B] (EMRSA-15) and ST239-III [3A] (Aus-2/3 EMRSA). ST22-IV [2B] (EMRSA-15) has now become the predominant healthcare associated clone in Australia. Approximately 60% of methicillin-resistant SAB were due to community associated clones. Although polyclonal, almost 50% of community associated clones were characterised as ST93-IV [2B] (Queensland CA-MRSA) and ST1-IV [2B] (WA1). CA-MRSA, in particular the ST45-V [5C2&5] (WA84) clone, has acquired multiple antimicrobial resistance determinants including ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, clindamycin, gentamicin and tetracycline. As CA-MRSA is well established in the Australian community, it is important antimicrobial resistance patterns in community and healthcare associated SAB is monitored as this information will guide therapeutic practices in treating S. aureus sepsis.<br /> (This work is copyright. You may download, display, print and reproduce the whole or part of this work in unaltered form for your own personal use or, if you are part of an organisation, for internal use within your organisation, but only if you or your organisation do not use the reproduction for any commercial purpose and retain this copyright notice and all disclaimer notices as part of that reproduction. Apart from rights to use as permitted by the Copyright Act 1968 or allowed by this copyright notice, all other rights are reserved and you are not allowed to reproduce the whole or any part of this work in any way (electronic or otherwise) without first being given the specific written permission from the Commonwealth to do so. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights are to be sent to the Online, Services and External Relations Branch, Department of Health, GPO Box 9848, Canberra ACT 2601, or by email to copyright@health.gov.au.)
- Subjects :
- Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Annual Reports as Topic
Australia epidemiology
Bacteremia epidemiology
Bacteremia microbiology
Bacteremia mortality
Child
Child, Preschool
Clone Cells
Cross Infection epidemiology
Cross Infection microbiology
Cross Infection mortality
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
Epidemiological Monitoring
Female
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Male
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus classification
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus genetics
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus growth & development
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Middle Aged
Sepsis epidemiology
Sepsis microbiology
Sepsis mortality
Serotyping
Staphylococcal Infections epidemiology
Staphylococcal Infections microbiology
Staphylococcal Infections mortality
Survival Analysis
Treatment Outcome
Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use
Bacteremia drug therapy
Cross Infection drug therapy
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus drug effects
Sepsis drug therapy
Staphylococcal Infections drug therapy
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1445-4866
- Volume :
- 38
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25631593