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Exposure to free and conjugated forms of bisphenol A and triclosan among pregnant women in the MIREC cohort.
- Source :
-
Environmental health perspectives [Environ Health Perspect] 2015 Apr; Vol. 123 (4), pp. 277-84. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Nov 21. - Publication Year :
- 2015
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Abstract
- Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) and triclosan (TCS) are two nonpersistent chemicals that have been frequently measured in spot urine samples from the general population but less so in pregnant women; however, data are limited on the free (bioactive) and conjugated forms of these phenols.<br />Objectives: The Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study addressed these data gaps by utilizing stored maternal urine samples from a large multicenter cohort study of Canadian pregnant women.<br />Methods: Concentrations of free and conjugated forms of BPA and TCS were measured in about 1,890 first-trimester urine samples by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry using isotope dilution.<br />Results: The glucuronides of BPA and TCS were the predominant forms of these chemicals measured (detected in 95% and 99% of samples, respectively), whereas the free forms were detected in 43% and 80% of samples, respectively. The geometric mean urinary concentrations for glucuronides of BPA and TCS were 0.80 μg/L (95% CI: 0.75, 0.85) and 12.30 μg/L (95% CI: 11.08, 13.65), respectively. Significant predictors of BPA included maternal age < 25 vs. ≥ 35 years, current smoking, low vs. high household income, and low vs. high education. For TCS, urinary concentrations were significantly higher in women ≥ 25 years of age, never vs. current smokers, and women with high household income and high education.<br />Conclusions: The results from this study represent the largest national-level data on urinary concentrations of free and conjugated forms of BPA and TCS in pregnant women and suggest that maternal characteristics predicting elevated urinary concentrations of these phenols largely act in opposite directions.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Age Factors
Benzhydryl Compounds toxicity
Cohort Studies
Environmental Pollutants toxicity
Female
Glucuronides urine
Humans
Phenols toxicity
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Trimester, First
Smoking
Socioeconomic Factors
Triclosan toxicity
Benzhydryl Compounds urine
Environmental Pollutants urine
Maternal Exposure
Phenols urine
Triclosan urine
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1552-9924
- Volume :
- 123
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Environmental health perspectives
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25494523
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408187