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Cyclodextrins, blood-brain barrier, and treatment of neurological diseases.
- Source :
-
Archives of medical research [Arch Med Res] 2014 Nov; Vol. 45 (8), pp. 711-29. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Dec 04. - Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- Biological barriers are the main defense systems of the homeostasis of the organism and protected organs. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), formed by the endothelial cells of brain capillaries, not only provides nutrients and protection to the central nervous system but also restricts the entry of drugs, emphasizing its importance in the treatment of neurological diseases. Cyclodextrins are increasingly used in human pharmacotherapy. Due to their favorable profile to form hydrophilic inclusion complexes with poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients, they are present as excipients in many marketed drugs. Application of cyclodextrins is widespread in formulations for oral, parenteral, nasal, pulmonary, and skin delivery of drugs. Experimental and clinical data suggest that cyclodextrins can be used not only as excipients for centrally acting marketed drugs like antiepileptics, but also as active pharmaceutical ingredients to treat neurological diseases. Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin received orphan drug designation for the treatment of Niemann-Pick type C disease. In addition to this rare lysosomal storage disease with neurological symptoms, experimental research revealed the potential therapeutic use of cyclodextrins and cyclodextrin nanoparticles in neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, neuroinfections and brain tumors. In this context, the biological effects of cyclodextrins, their interaction with plasma membranes and extraction of different lipids are highly relevant at the level of the BBB.<br /> (Copyright © 2015 IMSS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin
Animals
Biological Transport drug effects
Blood-Brain Barrier metabolism
Brain Neoplasms drug therapy
Humans
Mice
Nanoparticles therapeutic use
Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C drug therapy
Stroke drug therapy
Blood-Brain Barrier drug effects
Cyclodextrins therapeutic use
Excipients therapeutic use
Neurodegenerative Diseases drug therapy
beta-Cyclodextrins therapeutic use
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-5487
- Volume :
- 45
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Archives of medical research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25482528
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2014.11.020