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Mislocalization of the interferon inducible protein IFI16 by environmental insults: implications in autoimmunity.
- Source :
-
Cytokine & growth factor reviews [Cytokine Growth Factor Rev] 2015 Apr; Vol. 26 (2), pp. 213-9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Oct 30. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- The nuclear DNA sensor IFI16, a member of PYHIN family of proteins, was previously studied for its role in cell cycle regulation, tumor suppression, apoptosis and DNA damage signaling. Autoantibodies against IFI16 are prevalent in the sera of patients with systemic autoimmunity, thus depicting physiological significance as an autoantigen. At present, the nuclear IFI16 protein has been thoroughly investigated for its role as an innate immune sensor involved in inflammasome signaling and viral restriction. While the sub-cellular localization of IFI16 during such events has been known, very little knowledge about its presence and significance in the extracellular space is available. Recently our group has discovered the presence of circulating IFI16 in the sera from systemic autoimmune patients indicating that in this setting it may be mislocalized form its nuclear site and secreted in the extracellular milieu. In this review, we will discuss the leakage of endogenous IFI16 that has been experimentally proved using in vivo and in vitro models. Also we will comment on the significance of mislocalized inflammasome components in the extracellular space and how it can be responsible for chronic inflammation.<br /> (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Alarmins immunology
Alarmins metabolism
Apoptosis
Autoantibodies blood
Cytomegalovirus pathogenicity
Extracellular Space metabolism
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Inflammasomes immunology
Inflammasomes metabolism
Interferon Inducers immunology
Nuclear Proteins blood
Nuclear Proteins immunology
Phosphoproteins blood
Phosphoproteins immunology
Signal Transduction
Ultraviolet Rays
Autoimmunity
Extracellular Space immunology
Nuclear Proteins metabolism
Phosphoproteins metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1879-0305
- Volume :
- 26
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Cytokine & growth factor reviews
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25466628
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.10.003