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Cholesterol efflux pathways regulate myelopoiesis: a potential link to altered macrophage function in atherosclerosis.

Authors :
Murphy AJ
Dragoljevic D
Tall AR
Source :
Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2014 Oct 13; Vol. 5, pp. 490. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Oct 13 (Print Publication: 2014).
Publication Year :
2014

Abstract

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the blood vessels that can lead to myocardial infarction or stroke. The major cell in the atherosclerotic lesion, the macrophage, is thought to be an important contributor to the production of inflammatory mediators that exacerbate this disease. Macrophages are generally derived from circulating monocytes, which are in turn produced by hematopoietic stem and multipotential progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the bone marrow and other medullary organs. Recent studies suggest that disruption in cholesterol homeostasis or prolonged exposure to a hypercholesterolemic environment can influence HSPCs to over-produce monocytes, resulting in monocytosis. These monocytes may carry a pre-programed ability to become M1-like macrophages once they enter the atherosclerotic lesion. Future studies may help to differentiate the role of such pre-programing versus responses to local environmental cues in determining M1, M2, or other macrophage phenotypes in atherosclerotic lesions.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1664-3224
Volume :
5
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Frontiers in immunology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
25352845
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00490