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Metformin inhibits the invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and enhances the chemosensitivity to sorafenib through a downregulation of the ERK/JNK-mediated NF-κB-dependent pathway that reduces uPA and MMP-9 expression.
- Source :
-
Amino acids [Amino Acids] 2014 Dec; Vol. 46 (12), pp. 2809-22. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Sep 23. - Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- Metformin has been shown to exert anti-cancer activities in several cancer cells and animal models. However, the molecular mechanisms of its anti-metastatic activities remain poorly understood and warrant further investigation. The aims of this study were to evaluate the ability of metformin to inhibit the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and identify its effects on signaling pathways. Our data indicate that metformin inhibits the migration and invasion of human HCC cells. Metformin was also found to significantly inhibit the expression and secretion of MMP-9 and uPA in HCC cells, and suppress the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK1/2. Treatment with an ERK1/2 inhibitor (PD98059) or JNK1/2 inhibitor (SP600125) enhanced the inhibitory effects of metformin on the migration and invasion of HCC cells. Moreover, metformin-induced inhibition of MMP-9 and uPA promoter activity also blocked the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and its binding to the MMP-9 and uPA promoters, and these suppressive effects were further enhanced by PD98059 or SP600125. Moreover, metformin markedly enhanced the anti-metastatic effects of sorafenib. In conclusion, metformin inhibits the migration and invasion of HCC cells by suppressing the ERK/JNK-mediated NF-κB-dependent pathway, and thereby reducing uPA and MMP-9 expression. Additionally, combination treatment with metformin and sorafenib yielded synergistic inhibitory effects in suppressing cell migration and invasion of HCC cells. These findings provide insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-metastatic effects of metformin, as well as its ability to enhance the chemosensitivity of HCC cells to sorafenib.
- Subjects :
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular drug therapy
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular metabolism
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular pathology
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Movement drug effects
Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases genetics
Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic drug effects
Humans
Liver Neoplasms drug therapy
Liver Neoplasms metabolism
Liver Neoplasms pathology
MAP Kinase Kinase 4 genetics
MAP Kinase Kinase 4 metabolism
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 metabolism
NF-kappa B genetics
Neoplasm Invasiveness
Niacinamide pharmacology
Signal Transduction drug effects
Sorafenib
Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator metabolism
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular genetics
Liver Neoplasms genetics
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 genetics
Metformin pharmacology
NF-kappa B metabolism
Niacinamide analogs & derivatives
Phenylurea Compounds pharmacology
Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator genetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1438-2199
- Volume :
- 46
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Amino acids
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25245054
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-014-1838-4