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Short-term protection conferred by Leishvacin® against experimental Leishmania amazonensis infection in C57BL/6 mice.
- Source :
-
Parasitology international [Parasitol Int] 2014 Dec; Vol. 63 (6), pp. 826-34. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Aug 04. - Publication Year :
- 2014
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Abstract
- To date, there is no vaccine available against human leishmaniasis. Although some vaccination protocols can induce immunity in murine models, they fail to induce protection in humans. The reasons for that remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to characterize the changes in the pattern of the immune response during subcutaneous vaccination with Leishvacin® in mice. We also investigated whether IFN-γ and nitric oxide synthase are indispensable for the protection elicited by the vaccine. C57BL/6 WT vaccinated mice showed smaller lesions and fewer numbers of parasites in footpads until 8 weeks post-infection. Up to this time, they produced higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-17A and IL-10 and higher specific antibody response than control non-vaccinated mice. Moreover, we showed that IFN-γ, most likely by induction of iNOS expression, is essential for immunity. However, after 12 weeks of infection, we observed loss of difference in lesion size and parasite burden between the groups. Loss of resistance was associated with the disappearance of differences in cytokine patterns between vaccinated and control mice, but not of antibody response, which remained different until a later time of infection. The reversal of resistance to L. amazonensis could not be explained by upregulation of regulatory cytokines. Our data point to a subversion of the host immune response by L. amazonensis even when a protective response was previously induced.<br /> (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Disease Models, Animal
Female
Humans
Immunity, Cellular
Immunity, Humoral
Immunoglobulin G immunology
Interferon-gamma immunology
Interleukin-10 immunology
Interleukin-17 immunology
Interleukin-4 immunology
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous immunology
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous parasitology
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous pathology
Male
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II metabolism
Propionibacterium acnes immunology
Antibodies, Protozoan immunology
Cytokines immunology
Leishmania mexicana immunology
Leishmaniasis Vaccines immunology
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous prevention & control
Vaccination
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-0329
- Volume :
- 63
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Parasitology international
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25102355
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2014.07.010