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Infection-interactions in Ethiopian village chickens.
- Source :
-
Preventive veterinary medicine [Prev Vet Med] 2014 Nov 15; Vol. 117 (2), pp. 358-66. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Jul 12. - Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- Chickens raised under village production systems are exposed to a wide variety of pathogens, and current or previous infections may affect their susceptibility to further infections with another parasite, and/or can alter the manifestation of each infection. It is possible that co-infections may be as important as environmental risk factors. However, in cross-sectional studies, where the timing of infection is unknown, apparent associations between infections may be observed due to parasites sharing common risk factors. This study measured antibody titres to 3 viral (Newcastle disease, Marek's disease and infectious bursal disease) and 2 bacterial (Pasteurella multocida and Salmonella) diseases, and the infection prevalence of 3 families of endo- and ecto-parasites (Ascaridida, Eimeria and lice) in 1056 village chickens from two geographically distinct populations in Ethiopia. Samples were collected during 4 cross-sectional surveys, each approximately 6 months apart. Constrained ordination, a technique for analysis of ecological community data, was used to explore this complex dataset and enabled potential relationships to be uncovered and tested despite the different measurements used for the different parasites. It was found that only a small proportion of variation in the data could be explained by the risk factors measured. Very few birds (9/1280) were found to be seropositive to Newcastle disease. Positive relationships were identified between Pasteurella and Salmonella titres; and between Marek's disease and parasitic infections, and these two groups of diseases were correlated with females and males, respectively. This may suggest differences in the way that the immune systems of male and female chickens interact with these parasites. In conclusion, we find that a number of infectious pathogens and their interactions are likely to impact village chicken health and production. Control of these infections is likely to be of importance in future development planning.<br /> (Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Antibodies, Bacterial blood
Antibodies, Viral blood
Bacterial Infections epidemiology
Bacterial Infections microbiology
Coinfection epidemiology
Coinfection microbiology
Coinfection virology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Ethiopia epidemiology
Female
Male
Poultry Diseases epidemiology
Principal Component Analysis
Risk Factors
Virus Diseases epidemiology
Virus Diseases virology
Bacterial Infections veterinary
Chickens
Coinfection veterinary
Ecosystem
Poultry Diseases microbiology
Poultry Diseases virology
Virus Diseases veterinary
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-1716
- Volume :
- 117
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Preventive veterinary medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25085600
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.07.002