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Effects of dietary interventions on pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Source :
-
Maternal & child nutrition [Matern Child Nutr] 2016 Jan; Vol. 12 (1), pp. 5-23. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Jul 22. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Dietary intake during pregnancy influences maternal health. Poor dietary practices during pregnancy have been linked to maternal complications. The objective was to determine the effect of dietary intervention before or during pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes. A systematic review was conducted without date restrictions. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating whole diet or dietary components and pregnancy outcomes were included. Two authors independently identified papers for inclusion and assessed methodological quality. Meta-analysis was conducted separately for each outcome using random effects models. Results were reported by type of dietary intervention: (1) counselling; (2) food and fortified food products; or (3) combination (counseling + food); and collectively for all dietary interventions. Results were further grouped by trimester when the intervention commenced, nutrient of interest, country income and body mass index. Of 2326 screened abstracts, a total of 28 RCTs were included in this review. Dietary counselling during pregnancy was effective in reducing systolic [standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.45 to -0.07; P < 0.001] and diastolic blood pressure (SMD -0.57, 95% CI -0.75 to -0.38; P < 0.001). Macronutrient dietary interventions were effective in reducing the incidence of preterm delivery (SMD -0.19, 95% CI -0.34 to -0.04; P = 0.01). No effects were seen for other outcomes. Dietary interventions showed some small, but significant differences in pregnancy outcomes including a reduction in the incidence of preterm birth. Further high-quality RCTs, investigating micronutrient provision from food, and combination dietary intervention, are required to identify maternal diet intakes that optimise pregnancy outcomes.<br /> (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Subjects :
- Female
Food, Fortified
Humans
Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced epidemiology
Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced prevention & control
Infant, Newborn
Male
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications epidemiology
Pregnancy Outcome
Premature Birth epidemiology
Premature Birth prevention & control
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Risk Factors
Diet, Healthy
Evidence-Based Medicine
Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Patient Education as Topic
Pregnancy Complications prevention & control
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1740-8709
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Maternal & child nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25048387
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12142