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Effects of term infant formulas containing high sn-2 palmitate with and without oligofructose on stool composition, stool characteristics, and bifidogenicity.
- Source :
-
Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition [J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr] 2014 Oct; Vol. 59 (4), pp. 440-8. - Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- Objectives: Levels of stool fatty acid soaps and beneficial bacteria differ between formula-fed and breast-fed infants; addition of specific formula ingredients may reduce these differences. This study evaluated the effects of a term infant formula containing high sn-2 palmitate term infant formula (sn-2) or an identical formula supplemented with oligofructose (OF) at 2 concentrations (sn-2+3 g/L OF, sn-2+5 g/L OF) on stool composition, stool characteristics, and fecal bifidobacteria.<br />Methods: Healthy, term formula-fed infants 7 to 14 days old (n = 300) were randomized in a double-blind manner to receive standard formula (control), sn-2, sn-2+3 g/L OF, or sn-2+5 g/L OF for 8 weeks. Human milk (HM)-fed infants (n = 75) were studied in parallel. Stool samples were collected from all subjects at week 8 for fatty acid soaps and mineral content, and from a subset at baseline and week 8 for bifidobacteria. Stool characteristics were assessed via 3-day diary.<br />Results: The sn-2 group had 46% less stool soap palmitate (P < 0.001) and softer stools than control (20% more mushy soft stools, P = 0.026; 50% fewer formed stools, P = 0.003). Addition of OF resulted in even fewer formed stools versus control (65% fewer for sn-2+3 g/L OF, 79% fewer for sn-2+5 g/L OF), with 5 g/L OF more closely resembling that of HM-fed infants. Both sn-2 (P < 0.05) and sn-2 with OF groups (P < 0.01) had significantly higher fecal bifidobacteria concentrations than control at week 8, not differing from HM-fed infants.<br />Conclusions: High sn-2-palmitate formulas led to reduced stool soaps, softer stools, and increased bifidobacteria, whereas addition of OF further improved stool consistency. Those modifications brought outcomes in formula-fed infants closer to that in HM-fed infants.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Breast Feeding
Constipation etiology
Double-Blind Method
Feces microbiology
Female
Hardness
Humans
Infant
Infant Food
Infant, Newborn
Male
Milk, Human
Palmitates metabolism
Term Birth
Young Adult
Bifidobacterium
Defecation drug effects
Dietary Supplements
Feces chemistry
Infant Formula chemistry
Oligosaccharides pharmacology
Palmitates pharmacology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1536-4801
- Volume :
- 59
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 24840511
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000000443