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Paraxanthine: Connecting Caffeine to Nitric Oxide Neurotransmission.
- Source :
-
Journal of caffeine research [J Caffeine Res] 2013 Jun; Vol. 3 (2), pp. 72-78. - Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- Recent results obtained in our laboratory indicate that paraxanthine, the main metabolite of caffeine in humans, produces a significantly stronger locomotor activation in rats than caffeine. Furthermore, paraxanthine also produced a very significant increase in striatal extracellular concentrations of dopamine. Searching for an additional mechanism other than adenosine antagonism responsible for these psychostimulant-like effects, it was found that paraxanthine, but not caffeine, inhibited cGMP-preferring phosphodiesterases. Furthermore, interrupting nitric oxide neurotransmision (inhibiting nitric oxide synthase) significantly decreased both the locomotor-activating and the dopamine-releasing effects of paraxanthine. These results open up some obvious questions about the role of paraxanthine in the pharmacological effects of caffeine.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2156-5783
- Volume :
- 3
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of caffeine research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 24761277
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1089/jcr.2013.0006