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Photosynthetic flexibility in maize exposed to salinity and shade.
- Source :
-
Journal of experimental botany [J Exp Bot] 2014 Jul; Vol. 65 (13), pp. 3715-24. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Apr 01. - Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- C4 photosynthesis involves a close collaboration of the C3 and C4 metabolic cycles across the mesophyll and bundle-sheath cells. This study investigated the coordination of C4 photosynthesis in maize plants subjected to two salinity (50 and 100mM NaCl) treatments and one shade (20% of full sunlight) treatment. Photosynthetic efficiency was probed by combining leaf gas-exchange measurements with carbon isotope discrimination and assaying the key carboxylases [ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC)] and decarboxylases [nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate malic enzyme (NADP-ME) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEP-CK)] operating in maize leaves. Generally, salinity inhibited plant growth and photosynthesis to a lesser extent than shade. Salinity reduced photosynthesis primarily by reducing stomatal conductance and secondarily by equally reducing Rubisco and PEPC activities; the decarboxylases were inhibited more than the carboxylases. Salinity increased photosynthetic carbon isotope discrimination (Δp) and reduced leaf dry-matter carbon isotope composition ((13)δ) due to changes in p i/p a (intercellular to ambient CO2 partial pressure), while CO2 leakiness out of the bundle sheath (ϕ) was similar to that in control plants. Acclimation to shade was underpinned by a greater downregulation of PEPC relative to Rubisco activity, and a lesser inhibition of NADP-ME (primary decarboxylase) relative to PEP-CK (secondary decarboxylase). Shade reduced Δp and ɸ without significantly affecting leaf (13)δ or p i/p a relative to control plants. Accordingly, shade perturbed the balance between the C3 and C4 cycles during photosynthesis in maize, and demonstrated the flexible partitioning of C4 acid decarboxylation activity between NADP-ME and PEP-CK in response to the environment. This study highlights the need to improve our understanding of the links between leaf (13)δ and photosynthetic Δp, and the role of the secondary decarboxylase PEP-CK in NADP-ME plants such as maize.<br /> (© The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology.)
- Subjects :
- Carbon Isotopes analysis
Light
Malate Dehydrogenase genetics
Malate Dehydrogenase metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) genetics
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) metabolism
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase genetics
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase metabolism
Plant Proteins genetics
Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase genetics
Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase metabolism
Salinity
Zea mays genetics
Zea mays growth & development
Zea mays radiation effects
Carbon Dioxide metabolism
Photosynthesis
Plant Proteins metabolism
Plant Transpiration
Stress, Physiological
Zea mays physiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1460-2431
- Volume :
- 65
- Issue :
- 13
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of experimental botany
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 24692650
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru130