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Effects of a POEA surfactant system (Genamin T-200(®)) on two life stages of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas.
- Source :
-
The Journal of toxicological sciences [J Toxicol Sci] 2014 Apr; Vol. 39 (2), pp. 211-5. - Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- Surfactants used in herbicide formulations are generally considered inert with no toxic effects on animals. Polyethoxylated tallow amines (POEAs) are non-ionic surfactants used in many herbicide formulations to promote the penetration of the active matter into plant cuticles. The present study aimed to assess the toxicity of a POEA surfactant system, the Genamin T-200®, on two larval stages of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. The embryotoxicity of Genamin T-200® was quantified after 36 hr of exposure, considering both arrested development and abnormalities in D-shaped larvae. The ability of pediveliger larvae to metamorphose was studied after 24 hr exposure to Genamin T-200®. According to the European toxicity classification, the present results suggest that Genamin T-200® could be considered very toxic to embryo larval development, with an EC₅₀ of 262 µg/l, and toxic to metamorphosis processes with an EC₅₀ of 3,027 µg/l. The high toxicity of glyphosate-based formulations compared to the active ingredient and its by-product appears to be due primarily to surfactants.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1880-3989
- Volume :
- 39
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The Journal of toxicological sciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 24646701
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.2131/jts.39.211