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In vitro fertilization affects growth and glucose metabolism in a sex-specific manner in an outbred mouse model.
- Source :
-
Biology of reproduction [Biol Reprod] 2014 Apr 17; Vol. 90 (4), pp. 80. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Apr 17 (Print Publication: 2014). - Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- The preimplantation period is a time of reprogramming that may be vulnerable to disruption. This question has wide clinical relevance since the number of children conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF) is rising. To examine this question, outbred mice (CF1 × B6D2F1) conceived by IVF and cultured using Whitten medium and 20% O2 (IVFWM group, less optimal) or K simplex optimized medium with amino acids and 5% O2 (IVFKAA group, more optimal and similar to conditions used in human IVF) were studied postnatally. We found that flushed blastocysts transferred to recipient mice provided the best control group (FB group), as this accounted for the effects of superovulation, embryo transfer, and litter size. We observed that many physiological parameters were normal. Reassuringly, IVFKAA offspring did not differ significantly from FB offspring. However, male IVFWM mice (but not females) were larger during the first 19 wk of life and exhibited glucose intolerance. Male IVFWM mice also showed enlarged left heart despite normal blood pressure. Expression of candidate imprinted genes (H19, Igf2, and Slc38a4) in multiple adult tissues did not show differences among the groups; only Slc38a4 was down-regulated following IVF (in both culture conditions) in female adipose tissue. These studies demonstrate that adult metabolism is affected by the type of conditions encountered during the preimplantation stage. Further, the postnatal growth trajectory and glucose homeostasis following ex vivo manipulation may be sexual dimorphic. Future work on the long-term effects of IVF offspring should focus on glucose metabolism and the cardiovascular system.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Animals, Outbred Strains
Corticosterone blood
Embryo Culture Techniques
Embryo Transfer
Female
Genomic Imprinting physiology
Glucose Clamp Technique
Glucose Tolerance Test
Litter Size physiology
Male
Mice
Models, Animal
Pregnancy
Superovulation metabolism
Blastocyst physiology
Embryonic Development physiology
Fertilization in Vitro
Glucose metabolism
Sex Characteristics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1529-7268
- Volume :
- 90
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Biology of reproduction
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 24621920
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.113.113134