Back to Search Start Over

Pharmacogenetics: implications of race and ethnicity on defining genetic profiles for personalized medicine.

Authors :
Ortega VE
Meyers DA
Source :
The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology [J Allergy Clin Immunol] 2014 Jan; Vol. 133 (1), pp. 16-26.
Publication Year :
2014

Abstract

Pharmacogenetics is being used to develop personalized therapies specific to subjects from different ethnic or racial groups. To date, pharmacogenetic studies have been primarily performed in trial cohorts consisting of non-Hispanic white subjects of European descent. A "bottleneck" or collapse of genetic diversity associated with the first human colonization of Europe during the Upper Paleolithic period, followed by the recent mixing of African, European, and Native American ancestries, has resulted in different ethnic groups with varying degrees of genetic diversity. Differences in genetic ancestry might introduce genetic variation, which has the potential to alter the therapeutic efficacy of commonly used asthma therapies, such as β2-adrenergic receptor agonists (β-agonists). Pharmacogenetic studies of admixed ethnic groups have been limited to small candidate gene association studies, of which the best example is the gene coding for the receptor target of β-agonist therapy, the β2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2). Large consortium-based sequencing studies are using next-generation whole-genome sequencing to provide a diverse genome map of different admixed populations, which can be used for future pharmacogenetic studies. These studies will include candidate gene studies, genome-wide association studies, and whole-genome admixture-based approaches that account for ancestral genetic structure, complex haplotypes, gene-gene interactions, and rare variants to detect and replicate novel pharmacogenetic loci.<br /> (Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1097-6825
Volume :
133
Issue :
1
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
24369795
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2013.10.040