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Cholera vaccination campaign contributes to improved knowledge regarding cholera and improved practice relevant to waterborne disease in rural Haiti.
- Source :
-
PLoS neglected tropical diseases [PLoS Negl Trop Dis] 2013 Nov 21; Vol. 7 (11), pp. e2576. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Nov 21 (Print Publication: 2013). - Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- Background: Haiti's cholera epidemic has been devastating partly due to underlying weak infrastructure and limited clean water and sanitation. A comprehensive approach to cholera control is crucial, yet some have argued that oral cholera vaccination (OCV) might result in reduced hygiene practice among recipients. We evaluated the impact of an OCV campaign on knowledge and health practice in rural Haiti.<br />Methodology/principal Findings: We administered baseline surveys on knowledge and practice relevant to cholera and waterborne disease to every 10th household during a census in rural Haiti in February 2012 (N = 811). An OCV campaign occurred from May-June 2012 after which we administered identical surveys to 518 households randomly chosen from the same region in September 2012. We compared responses pre- and post-OCV campaign. Post-vaccination, there was improved knowledge with significant increase in percentage of respondents with ≥ 3 correct responses on cholera transmission mechanisms (odds ratio[OR] 1.91; 95% confidence interval[CI] 1.52-2.40), preventive methods (OR 1.83; 95% CI 1.46-2.30), and water treatment modalities (OR 2.75; 95% CI 2.16-3.50). Relative to pre-vaccination, participants were more likely post-OCV to report always treating water (OR 1.62; 95% CI 1.28-2.05). Respondents were also more likely to report hand washing with soap and water >4 times daily post-vaccine (OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.03-1.64). Knowledge of treating water as a cholera prevention measure was associated with practice of always treating water (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.14-1.89). Post-vaccination, knowledge was associated with frequent hand washing (OR 2.47; 95% CI 1.35-4.51).<br />Conclusion: An OCV campaign in rural Haiti was associated with significant improvement in cholera knowledge and practices related to waterborne disease. OCV can be part of comprehensive cholera control and reinforce, not detract from, other control efforts in Haiti.
- Subjects :
- Administration, Oral
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Child
Child, Preschool
Female
Haiti epidemiology
Humans
Infant
Interviews as Topic
Male
Middle Aged
Rural Population
Young Adult
Cholera epidemiology
Cholera prevention & control
Cholera Vaccines administration & dosage
Cholera Vaccines immunology
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
Vaccination methods
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1935-2735
- Volume :
- 7
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- PLoS neglected tropical diseases
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 24278498
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002576