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Pulmonary fibrotic response to inhalation of ZnO nanoparticles and toluene co-exposure through directed flow nose only exposure chamber.
- Source :
-
Inhalation toxicology [Inhal Toxicol] 2013 Nov; Vol. 25 (13), pp. 703-13. - Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- The increasing use of Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) in paint industry is not supplemented with adequate toxicology data. This report focuses on the fibrogenic toxicity caused due to co-exposure of ZnONPs and toluene in male Wistar rats, exposed for 28 days, through directed flow nose only exposure chamber. The rats were grouped as air control, toluene control (200 ppm), zinc oxide control (10 mg/m(3)), low dose co-exposed (5 mg/m(3) ZnO and 200 ppm of toluene) and high dose co-exposed (10 mg/m(3) of ZnO and 200 ppm of toluene). Our study demonstrates that co-exposure of ZnONPs and toluene (as in paint industry), even at their respective permissible exposure level (5 mg/m(3) for ZnO and 200 ppm for toluene) have the potential to produce a progressive inflammatory and fibrotic response in the alveolar tissues of the lungs. We observed a significant increase in inflammatory markers in BAL fluid and elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels with lower levels of intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) in lungs of rats of co-exposed group. Significant increase in the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-6, Ikβα, Cox-II, p-NF-κB) in lung tissues also indicated pulmonary damage. To best of our knowledge this is the first study which highlights the toxicity of co-exposed ZnO NPs and toluene.
- Subjects :
- Administration, Inhalation
Albumins metabolism
Alkaline Phosphatase metabolism
Animals
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid chemistry
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid cytology
Cyclooxygenase 2 metabolism
Drug Interactions
I-kappa B Kinase metabolism
Interleukin-6 metabolism
L-Lactate Dehydrogenase metabolism
Lung drug effects
Lung metabolism
Lung pathology
Lung ultrastructure
Male
Metal Nanoparticles administration & dosage
Metal Nanoparticles ultrastructure
Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
NF-kappa B metabolism
Pulmonary Fibrosis metabolism
Pulmonary Fibrosis pathology
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Toluene administration & dosage
Toxicity Tests methods
Zinc Oxide administration & dosage
gamma-Glutamyltransferase metabolism
Metal Nanoparticles toxicity
Pulmonary Fibrosis chemically induced
Toluene toxicity
Zinc Oxide toxicity
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1091-7691
- Volume :
- 25
- Issue :
- 13
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Inhalation toxicology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 24255948
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3109/08958378.2013.839765