Critical behavior of the XY-rotor model on regular and small-world networks.

We study the XY rotors model on small networks whose number of links scales with the system size N(links)~N(γ), where 1≤γ≤2. We first focus on regular one-dimensional rings in the microcanonical ensemble. For γ<1.5 the model behaves like a short-range one and no phase transition occurs. For γ>1.5, the system equilibrium properties are found to be identical to the mean field, which displays a second-order phase transition at a critical energy density ε=E/N,ε(c)=0.75. Moreover, for γ(c)~/=1.5 we find that a nontrivial state emerges, characterized by an infinite susceptibility. We then consider small-world networks, using the Watts-Strogatz mechanism on the regular networks parametrized by γ. We first analyze the topology and find that the small-world regime appears for rewiring probabilities which scale as p(SW)[proportionality]1/N(γ). Then considering the XY-rotors model on these networks, we find that a second-order phase transition occurs at a critical energy ε(c) which logarithmically depends on the topological parameters p and γ. We also define a critical probability p(MF), corresponding to the probability beyond which the mean field is quantitatively recovered, and we analyze its dependence on γ.