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"Spiceophrenia": a systematic overview of "spice"-related psychopathological issues and a case report.
- Source :
-
Human psychopharmacology [Hum Psychopharmacol] 2013 Jul; Vol. 28 (4), pp. 379-89. - Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- Objectives: The use of synthetic cannabimimetics (SC; "spice" drugs) is increasing, especially among teenagers and young adults. In parallel with this, the number of studies describing intoxication episodes associated with psychotic symptoms in SC users is growing. We present both a systematic review of the related literature and a case report, which seems to highlight the existence of a possible association between SC use and psychosis.<br />Methods: Some 223 relevant studies were here identified and reviewed. Out of these, 120 full text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 41 were finally included in the systematic review.<br />Results: According to the available data from the studies here identified, SC's average age of users was 22.97 years, and the male/female ratio was 3.16:1. SC compounds most often reported in studies using biological specimen analysis were JWH-018, JWH-073, JWH-122, CP-47,497, and JWH-250. Mounting evidence seemed to suggest that psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions may occur in acute/chronic SC users.<br />Conclusions: Although a clear causal link may not be here identified, the available evidence suggests that SC can trigger the onset of acute psychosis in vulnerable individuals and/or the exacerbation of psychotic episodes in those with a previous psychiatric history.<br /> (Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)
- Subjects :
- Adolescent
Adult
Cannabinoids chemical synthesis
Female
Humans
Illicit Drugs chemical synthesis
Male
Young Adult
Cannabinoids adverse effects
Illicit Drugs adverse effects
Marijuana Smoking adverse effects
Marijuana Smoking psychology
Psychoses, Substance-Induced diagnosis
Psychoses, Substance-Induced psychology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1099-1077
- Volume :
- 28
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Human psychopharmacology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 23881886
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.2312