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A treatment for and vaccine against the deadly Hendra and Nipah viruses.
- Source :
-
Antiviral research [Antiviral Res] 2013 Oct; Vol. 100 (1), pp. 8-13. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Jul 06. - Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- Hendra virus and Nipah virus are bat-borne paramyxoviruses that are the prototypic members of the genus Henipavirus. The henipaviruses emerged in the 1990s, spilling over from their natural bat hosts and causing serious disease outbreaks in humans and livestock. Hendra virus emerged in Australia and since 1994 there have been 7 human infections with 4 case fatalities. Nipah virus first appeared in Malaysia and subsequent outbreaks have occurred in Bangladesh and India. In total, there have been an estimated 582 human cases of Nipah virus and of these, 54% were fatal. Their broad species tropism and ability to cause fatal respiratory and/or neurologic disease in humans and animals make them important transboundary biological threats. Recent experimental findings in animals have demonstrated that a human monoclonal antibody targeting the viral G glycoprotein is an effective post-exposure treatment against Hendra and Nipah virus infection. In addition, a subunit vaccine based on the G glycoprotein of Hendra virus affords protection against Hendra and Nipah virus challenge. The vaccine has been developed for use in horses in Australia and is the first vaccine against a Biosafety Level-4 (BSL-4) agent to be licensed and commercially deployed. Together, these advances offer viable approaches to address Hendra and Nipah virus infection of livestock and people.<br /> (Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Antibodies, Monoclonal therapeutic use
Cattle
Cattle Diseases immunology
Cattle Diseases prevention & control
Hendra Virus genetics
Hendra Virus immunology
Henipavirus Infections immunology
Henipavirus Infections prevention & control
Humans
Nipah Virus genetics
Nipah Virus immunology
Viral Vaccines genetics
Viral Vaccines immunology
Cattle Diseases drug therapy
Hendra Virus drug effects
Henipavirus Infections drug therapy
Henipavirus Infections veterinary
Nipah Virus drug effects
Viral Vaccines administration & dosage
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1872-9096
- Volume :
- 100
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Antiviral research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 23838047
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.06.012