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Inequalities in Pap smear screening for cervical cancer in Brazil.
- Source :
-
Preventive medicine [Prev Med] 2013 Oct; Vol. 57 (4), pp. 366-71. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Jul 01. - Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- Objective: To examine the risk factors associated with never being screened for cervical cancer (CC) in Brazil.<br />Methods: Using the National Household Sample Survey 2008 (PNAD), we analyzed data from 102,108 Brazilian women ages 25-64years. The patients were analyzed as having been or never having been screened with a Pap smear (Yes/No). Age-adjusted prevalence of never-screening was analyzed using a Chi-squared test. Crude and adjusted models using Poisson regression were performed.<br />Results: The prevalence of never-screened women for CC was 12.9%, 11.5% and 22.2% in Brazil in general, urban and rural areas, respectively. The Brazilian region with the highest prevalence of never-screening was the North (17.4%, 14.7% and 27.3% in general, urban and rural areas, respectively). The factors associated with a higher risk for never being screened were the following: poverty, younger age, lower educational level, non-white skin color, a greater number of children, no supplemental health insurance and not having visited a doctor in the past 12months.<br />Conclusion: Socioeconomic and demographic conditions lead to inequalities in access to Pap smear screening in Brazil. Public health policy addressing these risk groups is necessary.<br /> (© 2013.)
- Subjects :
- Adult
Age Factors
Brazil epidemiology
Educational Status
Female
Health Care Surveys
Humans
Middle Aged
Poverty statistics & numerical data
Racial Groups statistics & numerical data
Rural Population statistics & numerical data
Socioeconomic Factors
Urban Population statistics & numerical data
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms diagnosis
Early Detection of Cancer statistics & numerical data
Healthcare Disparities statistics & numerical data
Papanicolaou Test statistics & numerical data
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms prevention & control
Vaginal Smears statistics & numerical data
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1096-0260
- Volume :
- 57
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Preventive medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 23827721
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.06.026