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GABA in the insula - a predictor of the neural response to interoceptive awareness.
- Source :
-
NeuroImage [Neuroimage] 2014 Feb 01; Vol. 86, pp. 10-8. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Apr 22. - Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- The insula has been identified as a key region involved in interoceptive awareness. Whilst imaging studies have investigated the neural activation patterns in this region involved in intero- and exteroceptive awareness, the underlying biochemical mechanisms still remain unclear. In order to investigate these, a well-established fMRI task targeting interoceptive awareness (heartbeat counting) and exteroceptive awareness (tone counting) was combined with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Controlling for physiological noise, neural activity in the insula during intero- and exteroceptive awareness was confirmed in an independent data sample using the same fMRI design. Focussing on MRS values from the left insula and combining them with neural activity during intero- and exteroceptive awareness in the same healthy individuals, we demonstrated that GABA concentration in a region highly involved in interoceptive processing is correlated with neural responses to interoceptive stimuli, as opposed to exteroceptive stimuli. In addition, both GABA and interoceptive signal changes in the insula predicted the degree of depressed affect, as measured by the Beck Hopelessness Scale. On the one hand, the association between GABA concentration and neural activity during interoceptive awareness provides novel insight into the biochemical underpinnings of insula function and interoception. On the other, through the additional association of both GABA and neural activity during interoception with depressed affect, these data also bear potentially important implications for psychiatric disorders like depression and anxiety, where GABAergic deficits, altered insula function and abnormal affect coincide.<br /> (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Adolescent
Adult
Biomarkers metabolism
Female
Humans
Male
Neurotransmitter Agents metabolism
Reference Values
Tissue Distribution
Young Adult
Awareness physiology
Cerebral Cortex metabolism
Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy methods
Sensation physiology
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1095-9572
- Volume :
- 86
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- NeuroImage
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 23618604
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.04.042