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A whole-grain-rich diet reduces urinary excretion of markers of protein catabolism and gut microbiota metabolism in healthy men after one week.
- Source :
-
The Journal of nutrition [J Nutr] 2013 Jun; Vol. 143 (6), pp. 766-73. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Apr 24. - Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- Epidemiological studies consistently find that diets rich in whole-grain (WG) cereals lead to decreased risk of disease compared with refined grain (RG)-based diets. Aside from a greater amount of fiber and micronutrients, possible mechanisms for why WGs may be beneficial for health remain speculative. In an exploratory, randomized, researcher-blinded, crossover trial, we measured metabolic profile differences between healthy participants eating a diet based on WGs compared with a diet based on RGs. Seventeen healthy adult participants (11 female, 6 male) consumed a controlled diet based on either WG-rich or RG-rich foods for 2 wk, followed by the other diet after a 5-wk washout period. Both diets were the same except for the use of WG (150 g/d) or RG foods. The metabolic profiles of plasma, urine, and fecal water were measured using (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (plasma only). After 1 wk of intervention, the WG diet led to decreases in urinary excretion of metabolites related to protein catabolism (urea, methylguanadine), lipid (carnitine and acylcarnitines) and gut microbial (4-hydroxyphenylacetate, trimethylacetate, dimethylacetate) metabolism in men compared with the same time point during the RG intervention. There were no differences between the interventions after 2 wk. Urinary urea, carnitine, and acylcarnitine were lower at wk 1 of the WG intervention relative to the RG intervention in all participants. Fecal water short-chain fatty acids acetate and butyrate were relatively greater after the WG diet compared to the RG diet. Although based on a small population and for a short time period, these observations suggest that a WG diet may affect protein metabolism.
- Subjects :
- Acetates analysis
Adult
Bacteria metabolism
Biomarkers blood
Carnitine urine
Cross-Over Studies
Dietary Fiber
Energy Metabolism
Feces chemistry
Female
Food Handling
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Health Promotion
Humans
Lipid Metabolism
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Male
Metabolome
Methylamines analysis
Methylguanidine urine
Middle Aged
Nicotinic Acids analysis
Organophosphates analysis
Phenylacetates analysis
Sex Factors
Urea urine
Biomarkers urine
Diet
Edible Grain
Intestines microbiology
Proteins metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1541-6100
- Volume :
- 143
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The Journal of nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 23616503
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.112.172197