Stable transfection using episomal vectors to create modified human embryonic stem cells.

Gene delivery into stem cells can be achieved using viral and nonviral methods. Nonviral methods are more appealing and the use of episomal vectors that do not integrate into the genome enables expression of transgene that are not subject to genomic loci effects that could affect expression levels. Here we describe in detail transfection and stable pooled clone creation of human embryonic stem cells with episomal vectors.