Back to Search Start Over

Surfactant displacement by plasma lavage results in pulmonary edema.

Authors :
Nieman GF
Goyette D
Paskanik A
Brendenberg C
Source :
Surgery [Surgery] 1990 Jun; Vol. 107 (6), pp. 677-83.
Publication Year :
1990

Abstract

The effects of plasma lavage on pulmonary surfactant and edema were studied in anesthetized open-chest dogs. After instrumentation and baseline measurements, citrated autologous plasma (1.5 ml/kg) was lavaged into each lung (n = 6). A control group was administered the same dose of buffered saline solution (n = 4). Hemodynamic parameters, blood gases, and lung compliance were monitored for 2 hours after lavage. Surfactant function, assessed with a Wilhelmy balance, and extravascular lung water measured gravimetrically were determined at the end of the experiment. Immediately after plasma lavage, a nonsegmental atelectasis was observed on the lung surface. Little change was seen in vascular pressures or cardiac output in either group, whereas partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood and static compliance fell significantly after plasma lavage. Two hours after lavage, a large amount of white foam was observed in both large and small airways in the plasma group. Plasma but not saline lavage elevated surface tension minimum in pulmonary tissue. Airway foam contained functional surfactant; addition of plasma to normal surfactant on the Wilhelmy balance did not inhibit surfactant function. Extravascular lung water was increased in the plasma compared with the saline lavage group. These data suggest that plasma usurps surfactant from the alveolar hypophase rather than inhibiting its ability to lower surface tension. Because little change was measured in vascular pressures and it is unlikely that autologous plasma increases vascular permeability, we conclude that the edema was the result of high alveolar surface tension.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
0039-6060
Volume :
107
Issue :
6
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Surgery
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
2353307