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Immune responses to the O-specific polysaccharide antigen in children who received a killed oral cholera vaccine compared to responses following natural cholera infection in Bangladesh.

Authors :
Leung DT
Uddin T
Xu P
Aktar A
Johnson RA
Rahman MA
Alam MM
Bufano MK
Eckhoff G
Wu-Freeman Y
Yu Y
Sultana T
Khanam F
Saha A
Chowdhury F
Khan AI
Charles RC
Larocque RC
Harris JB
Calderwood SB
Kovác P
Qadri F
Ryan ET
Source :
Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI [Clin Vaccine Immunol] 2013 Jun; Vol. 20 (6), pp. 780-8. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Mar 20.
Publication Year :
2013

Abstract

Current oral cholera vaccines induce lower levels of protective efficacy and shorter durations of protection in young children than in adults. Immunity against cholera is serogroup specific, and immune responses to Vibrio cholerae lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the antigen that mediates serogroup-specific responses, are associated with protection against disease. Despite this, responses against V. cholerae O-specific polysaccharide (OSP), a key component of the LPS responsible for specificity, have not been characterized in children. Here, we report a comparison of polysaccharide antibody responses in children from a region in Bangladesh where cholera is endemic, including infants (6 to 23 months, n = 15), young children (24 to 59 months, n = 14), and older children (5 to 15 years, n = 23) who received two doses of a killed oral cholera vaccine 14 days apart. We found that infants and young children receiving the vaccine did not mount an IgG, IgA, or IgM antibody response to V. cholerae OSP or LPS, whereas older children showed significant responses. In comparison to the vaccinees, young children with wild-type V. cholerae O1 Ogawa infection did mount significant antibody responses against OSP and LPS. We also demonstrated that OSP responses correlated with age in vaccinees, but not in cholera patients, reflecting the ability of even young children with wild-type cholera to develop OSP responses. These differences might contribute to the lower efficacy of protection rendered by vaccination than by wild-type disease in young children and suggest that efforts to improve lipopolysaccharide-specific responses might be critical for achieving optimal cholera vaccine efficacy in this younger age group.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1556-679X
Volume :
20
Issue :
6
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
23515016
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00035-13