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Cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of 5-fluorouracil on human corneal epithelial cells and keratocytes.
- Source :
-
Cornea [Cornea] 2013 Mar; Vol. 32 (3), pp. 338-44. - Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- Purpose: To investigate the effects of various 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) concentrations, exposure times, and application techniques on in vitro-cultured human corneal cells.<br />Methods: Human corneal epithelial cell (HCEC) and human corneal keratocyte (HCK) cultures were exposed to different 5-FU concentrations (0.025%-1%) and incubation durations (5 minutes to 2 hours). The cytostatic effect was evaluated as the percentage of inhibition of migration relative to the control. The evaluation of cytotoxic effect included both phase contrast microscopic observations and viability measures performed using an MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)] colorimetric assay. The results are expressed as ratio of optical density (OD) reduction 24 hours after exposure.<br />Results: The cytostatic effect was time and dose dependent. The 50% inhibiting dose was 0.55% after 1 hour of incubation for HCECs and was 0.5% after 2 hours of incubation for HCKs. A 100% inhibitory effect was never observed at any concentration or incubation duration. No cytotoxic changes were observed using an 5-FU concentration of <1%; 1% 5-FU showed time-dependent cytotoxic changes in HCEC cultures only. MTT analysis showed no OD reduction at 5-FU concentrations of <1%, whereas 1% 5-FU showed OD reduction <50% at any tested exposure time. HCECs showed higher reduction in OD than HCKs.<br />Conclusions: 5-FU formulations topically used in clinical practice showed limited toxicity in normal cultured corneal epithelial cells and keratocytes.
- Subjects :
- Cell Movement drug effects
Cell Proliferation drug effects
Cell Survival
Cells, Cultured
Colorimetry
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Humans
Microscopy, Phase-Contrast
Time Factors
Tissue Donors
Antimetabolites toxicity
Corneal Keratocytes drug effects
Epithelium, Corneal drug effects
Fluorouracil toxicity
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1536-4798
- Volume :
- 32
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Cornea
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 22968358
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1097/ICO.0b013e31825d56c1