Interactions between the apolipoprotein a1/c3/a5 haplotypes and alcohol consumption on serum lipid levels.

Background: The interactions between apolipoprotein (Apo) A1/C3/A5 haplotypes and alcohol consumption on serum lipid profiles have not been previously explored. The present study was undertaken to detect the polymorphisms of ApoA1 -75 bp G>A (rs1799837), ApoC3 3238C>G (rs5128), ApoA5 -1131T>C (rs662799), ApoA5 c.553G>T (rs2075291), and ApoA5 c.457G>A (rs3135507) and the interactions between their haplotypes and alcohol consumption on serum lipid levels.
Methods: Genotyping was performed in 1,030 unrelated subjects (516 nondrinkers and 514 drinkers) aged 15 to 89. The interactions between ApoA1/C3/A5 haplotypes and alcohol consumption on serum lipid levels were detected by factorial regression analysis after controlling for potential confounders.
Results: The frequencies of ApoC3 3238 CG/GG genotypes and ApoA1 -75 bp A allele in nondrinkers were higher in females than in males (p < 0.05). The frequencies of ApoC3 3238 CG/GG genotypes and G allele in drinkers were higher in females than in males (p < 0.05). The frequencies of ApoA1 -75 bp GA/AA genotypes and A allele in males were higher, and those of ApoC3 3238 CG/GG genotypes were lower in drinkers than in nondrinkers (p < 0.05 to 0.01). The frequency of ApoC3 3238 GG genotype in male drinkers was also higher in ≥25 g/d than in <25 g/d subgroups (p < 0.05). There were 11 haplotypes with a frequency >1% in our study population. The haplotypes of G-G-T-C-G (in the order of c.553G>T, c.457G>A, -1131T>C, 3238C>G, and -75 bp G>A), G-G-T-C-A, and G-G-C-G-G were shown consistent interactions with alcohol consumption to increase serum total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and ApoA1 levels (p < 0.05 to 0.001). The interactions between G-G-T-G-G (HDL-C and ApoA1), G-G-C-C-A (ApoA1), G-A-T-C-G (triglyceride), G-G-T-C-G (ApoA1/ApoB ratio), and G-G-C-G-G (ApoB) haplotypes and alcohol consumption on serum lipid levels were also detected (p < 0.05 to 0.001); the levels of these serum lipid parameters were significantly higher in drinkers than in nondrinkers.
Conclusions: The differences in serum lipid parameters between drinkers and nondrinkers might partly result from different interactions between the ApoA1/C3/A5 haplotypes and alcohol consumption.
(Copyright © 2012 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.)