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Nicotinamide reduces photodynamic therapy-induced immunosuppression in humans.
- Source :
-
The British journal of dermatology [Br J Dermatol] 2012 Sep; Vol. 167 (3), pp. 631-6. - Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- Background: The immune suppressive effects of topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) are potential contributors to treatment failure after PDT for nonmelanoma skin cancer. Nicotinamide (vitamin B(3) ) prevents immune suppression by ultraviolet radiation, but its effects on PDT-induced immunosuppression are unknown.<br />Objectives: To determine the effects of topical and oral nicotinamide on PDT-induced immunosuppression in humans.<br />Methods: Twenty healthy Mantoux-positive volunteers received 5% nicotinamide lotion or vehicle to either side of the back daily for 3 days. Another group of 30 volunteers received 500 mg oral nicotinamide or placebo twice daily for 1 week in a randomized, double-blinded, crossover design. In each study, methylaminolaevulinate cream was applied to discrete areas on the back, followed by narrowband red light irradiation (37 J cm(-2) ) delivered at high (75 mW cm(-2) ) or low (15 mW cm(-2) ) irradiance rates. Adjacent, nonirradiated sites served as controls. Delayed-type hypersensitivity (Mantoux) reactions were assessed at treatment and control sites to determine immunosuppression.<br />Results: High irradiance rate PDT with vehicle or with placebo caused significant immunosuppression (equivalent to 48% and 50% immunosuppression, respectively; both P < 0·0001); topical and oral nicotinamide reduced this immunosuppression by 59% and 66%, respectively (both P < 0·0001). Low irradiance rate PDT was not significantly immunosuppressive in the topical nicotinamide study (15% immunosuppression, not significant), but caused 22% immunosuppression in the oral study (placebo arm; P = 0·006); nicotinamide reduced this immunosuppression by 69% (P = 0·045).<br />Conclusions: While the clinical relevance of these findings is currently unknown, nicotinamide may provide an inexpensive means of preventing PDT-induced immune suppression and enhancing PDT cure rates.<br /> (© 2012 The Authors. BJD © 2012 British Association of Dermatologists.)
- Subjects :
- Administration, Cutaneous
Administration, Oral
Adult
Aged
Cross-Over Studies
Double-Blind Method
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Seasons
Tablets
Tuberculin Test
Immune System Diseases prevention & control
Immune Tolerance radiation effects
Niacinamide administration & dosage
Photochemotherapy adverse effects
Vitamin B Complex administration & dosage
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1365-2133
- Volume :
- 167
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The British journal of dermatology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 22709272
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11109.x