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Monocytes contribute to differential immune pressure on R5 versus X4 HIV through the adipocytokine visfatin/NAMPT.
- Source :
-
PloS one [PLoS One] 2012; Vol. 7 (4), pp. e35074. Date of Electronic Publication: 2012 Apr 06. - Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- Background: The immune system exerts a diversifying selection pressure on HIV through cellular, humoral and innate mechanisms. This pressure drives viral evolution throughout infection. A better understanding of the natural immune pressure on the virus during infection is warranted, given the clinical interest in eliciting and sustaining an immune response to HIV which can help to control the infection. We undertook to evaluate the potential of the novel HIV-induced, monocyte-derived factor visfatin to modulate viral infection, as part of the innate immune pressure on viral populations.<br />Results: We show that visfatin is capable of selectively inhibiting infection by R5 HIV strains in macrophages and resting PBMC in vitro, while at the same time remaining indifferent to or even favouring infection by X4 strains. Furthermore, visfatin exerts a direct effect on the relative fitness of R5 versus X4 infections in a viral competition setup. Direct interaction of visfatin with the CCR5 receptor is proposed as a putative mechanism for this differential effect. Possible in vivo relevance of visfatin induction is illustrated by its association with the dominance of CXCR4-using HIV in the plasma.<br />Conclusions: As an innate factor produced by monocytes, visfatin is capable of inhibiting infections by R5 but not X4 strains, reflecting a potential selective pressure against R5 viruses.
- Subjects :
- Cells, Cultured
HIV genetics
HIV Infections immunology
HIV Infections virology
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Monocytes immunology
Monocytes virology
Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase biosynthesis
Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase metabolism
Receptors, CCR5 immunology
Receptors, CXCR4 immunology
Selection, Genetic
Species Specificity
Surface Plasmon Resonance
Virus Replication genetics
Virus Replication immunology
HIV metabolism
Monocytes enzymology
Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase pharmacology
Receptors, CCR5 metabolism
Receptors, CXCR4 metabolism
Virus Replication drug effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1932-6203
- Volume :
- 7
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- PloS one
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 22493731
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0035074