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Long-term transformation and fate of manufactured ag nanoparticles in a simulated large scale freshwater emergent wetland.
- Source :
-
Environmental science & technology [Environ Sci Technol] 2012 Jul 03; Vol. 46 (13), pp. 7027-36. Date of Electronic Publication: 2012 Apr 30. - Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- Transformations and long-term fate of engineered nanomaterials must be measured in realistic complex natural systems to accurately assess the risks that they may pose. Here, we determine the long-term behavior of poly(vinylpyrrolidone)-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in freshwater mesocosms simulating an emergent wetland environment. AgNPs were either applied to the water column or to the terrestrial soils. The distribution of silver among water, solids, and biota, and Ag speciation in soils and sediment was determined 18 months after dosing. Most (70 wt %) of the added Ag resided in the soils and sediments, and largely remained in the compartment in which they were dosed. However, some movement between soil and sediment was observed. Movement of AgNPs from terrestrial soils to sediments was more facile than from sediments to soils, suggesting that erosion and runoff is a potential pathway for AgNPs to enter waterways. The AgNPs in terrestrial soils were transformed to Ag(2)S (~52%), whereas AgNPs in the subaquatic sediment were present as Ag(2)S (55%) and Ag-sulfhydryl compounds (27%). Despite significant sulfidation of the AgNPs, a fraction of the added Ag resided in the terrestrial plant biomass (~3 wt % for the terrestrially dosed mesocosm), and relatively high body burdens of Ag (0.5-3.3 μg Ag/g wet weight) were found in mosquito fish and chironomids in both mesocosms. Thus, Ag from the NPs remained bioavailable even after partial sulfidation and when water column total Ag concentrations are low (<0.002 mg/L).
- Subjects :
- Adsorption
Animals
Fishes metabolism
Geologic Sediments chemistry
Insecta metabolism
Motion
Nanoparticles analysis
Oxidation-Reduction
Plants metabolism
Povidone analysis
Povidone metabolism
Silver analysis
Silver metabolism
Soil chemistry
Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis
Water Pollutants, Chemical metabolism
Fresh Water chemistry
Nanoparticles chemistry
Povidone chemistry
Silver chemistry
Water Pollutants, Chemical chemistry
Wetlands
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1520-5851
- Volume :
- 46
- Issue :
- 13
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Environmental science & technology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 22463850
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1021/es204608d