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Immunogenicity of Mycobacterium leprae unique antigens in leprosy endemic populations in Asia and Africa.
- Source :
-
Leprosy review [Lepr Rev] 2011 Dec; Vol. 82 (4), pp. 445-58. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- Ongoing transmission of leprosy is evident from the stable disease incidence in high burden areas. Tools for early detection of Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) infection, particularly in sub-clinically infected individuals, are urgently required to reduce transmission. Following the sequencing of the M. leprae genome, many M. leprae-unique candidate proteins have been identified, several of which have been tested for induction of M. leprae specific T cell responses in different leprosy endemic areas. In this study, 21 M. leprae-unique proteins and 10 peptide pools covering the complete sequence of five M. leprae-unique proteins (ML0576, ML1989, ML1990, ML2283, and ML2567) were evaluated in 160 individuals in Nepal and Ethiopia. These included: tuberculoid and borderline tuberculoid (TT/BT), borderline borderline and borderline lepromatous (BB/BL) leprosy patients; healthy household contacts (HHC); tuberculosis (TB) patients and endemic controls (EC). Immunogenicity of the proteins was determined by IFN-gamma secretion via stimulation of PBMC in 6 days lymphocyte stimulation tests (LST) or in whole blood assays (WBA). In LST, BB/BL patients (40%) responded to ML0573 and ML1601 whereas ML1604 was most immunogenic in TT/BT (35%) and HHC (36%). Additionally, significant numbers of EC displayed IFN-gamma production in response to ML0573 (54%), ML1601 (50%) and ML1604 (54%). TB patients on the other hand, hardly responded to any of the proteins except for ML1989. Comparison of IFN-gamma responses to ML0121, ML0141 and ML0188 for TT/BT patients showed specific increase in diluted 6 days WBA compared to the undiluted 24 hours WBA, whereas EC showed a reduced response in the diluted WBA, which may indicate detection of disease-specific responses in the 6 days WBA. In summary, identification of multiple M. leprae proteins inducing M. leprae-specific T cell responses in groups at high risk of developing leprosy may contribute to improve early detection for M. leprae infection.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Africa epidemiology
Asia epidemiology
Bacterial Proteins genetics
Bacterial Proteins immunology
Endemic Diseases
Female
Humans
Interferon-gamma immunology
Leprosy diagnosis
Leprosy epidemiology
Leprosy microbiology
Male
Middle Aged
Mycobacterium leprae genetics
Mycobacterium leprae isolation & purification
Antigens, Bacterial immunology
Leprosy immunology
Mycobacterium leprae immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0305-7518
- Volume :
- 82
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Leprosy review
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 22439283