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Scaling from challenge experiments to the field: Quantifying the impact of vaccination on the transmission of bluetongue virus serotype 8.
- Source :
-
Preventive veterinary medicine [Prev Vet Med] 2012 Aug 01; Vol. 105 (4), pp. 297-308. Date of Electronic Publication: 2012 Mar 17. - Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- Bluetongue (BT) is an economically important disease of ruminants caused by bluetongue virus (BTV) and transmitted by Culicoides biting midges. The most practical and effective way to protect susceptible animals against BTV is by vaccination. Data from challenge studies in calves and sheep conducted by Intervet International b.v., in particular, presence of viral RNA in the blood of challenged animals, were used to estimate vaccine efficacy. The results of the challenge studies for calves indicated that vaccination is likely to reduce the basic reproduction number (R(0)) for BTV in cattle to below one (i.e. prevent major outbreaks within a holding) and that this reduction is robust to uncertainty in the model parameters. Sensitivity analysis showed that the whether or not vaccination is predicted to reduce R(0) to below one depended on the following assumptions: (i) whether "doubtful" results from the challenge studies are treated as negative or positive; (ii) whether or not the probability of transmission from host to vector is reduced by vaccination; and (iii) whether the extrinsic incubation period follows a realistic gamma distribution or the more commonly used exponential distribution. For sheep, all but one of the vaccinated animals were protected and, consequently, vaccination will consistently reduce R(0) in sheep to below one. Using a stochastic spatial model for the spread of BTV in Great Britain (GB), vaccination was predicted to reduce both the incidence of disease and spatial spread in simulated BTV outbreaks in GB, in both reactive vaccination strategies and when an incursion occurred into a previously vaccinated population.<br /> (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Basic Reproduction Number
Bluetongue immunology
Bluetongue transmission
Bluetongue virus classification
Cattle
Cattle Diseases immunology
Cattle Diseases transmission
Ceratopogonidae
Models, Theoretical
RNA, Viral blood
Serotyping
Sheep
United Kingdom
Bluetongue prevention & control
Bluetongue virus immunology
Cattle Diseases prevention & control
Vaccination veterinary
Viral Vaccines administration & dosage
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-1716
- Volume :
- 105
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Preventive veterinary medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 22425328
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.02.016