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Autoimmune disorders in women with turner syndrome and women with karyotypically normal primary ovarian insufficiency.
- Source :
-
Journal of autoimmunity [J Autoimmun] 2012 Jun; Vol. 38 (4), pp. 315-21. Date of Electronic Publication: 2012 Feb 18. - Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- The higher prevalence of autoimmune diseases in women compared to men could be due to effects of ovarian hormones, pregnancy and/or the presence of a second X chromosome. To elucidate the role of these factors, we investigated the prevalence and spectrum of autoimmune diagnoses in women with primary ovarian insufficiency associated with X chromosome monosomy (Turner syndrome, TS, n = 244) and women with karyotypically normal (46,XX) primary ovarian insufficiency (POI, n = 457) in a prospective study, conducted at the National Institutes of Health. We compared the study group prevalence to normative data for the U.S. population of women. Chronic lymphocytic (Hashimoto's) thyroiditis (HT) occurred in 37% of women with TS vs. 15% with POI (P < 0.0001); HT prevalence in both ovarian insufficiency groups significantly exceeded that in U.S. population of women (5.8%). Inflammatory bowel (IBD, 4%) and celiac disease (CD, 2.7%) were significantly increased in TS, but not in POI. No other autoimmune diagnosis, including Graves' disease or Type 1 diabetes appears to be significantly increased in either group. Women with TS had higher pro-inflammatory IL6 and TGF β1 levels (p < 0.0001 for both), and lower anti-inflammatory IL10 and TGF β2 levels (p < 0.005 for both) compared to POI and to normal volunteers. Lifetime estrogen exposure and parity were significantly lower in TS compared to POI, which were in turn lower than the general population of women. The finding that lymphocytic thyroiditis is greatly increased in both women with TS and POI suggests that factors associated with ovarian insufficiency per se promote this form of autoimmunity. The absence of a normal second X-chromosome further contributes to increased autoimmunity in TS.<br /> (Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Subjects :
- Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Cytokines immunology
Cytokines metabolism
Estrogens immunology
Estrogens metabolism
Female
Hashimoto Disease epidemiology
Hashimoto Disease etiology
Humans
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases epidemiology
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases etiology
Middle Aged
Pregnancy
Prevalence
Primary Ovarian Insufficiency genetics
Primary Ovarian Insufficiency immunology
Risk Factors
Smoking
Turner Syndrome genetics
Turner Syndrome immunology
Young Adult
Autoimmune Diseases epidemiology
Autoimmune Diseases etiology
Primary Ovarian Insufficiency complications
Turner Syndrome complications
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1095-9157
- Volume :
- 38
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of autoimmunity
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 22342295
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2012.01.015