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Effect of reducing the n-6:n-3 long-chain PUFA ratio during pregnancy and lactation on infant adipose tissue growth within the first year of life: an open-label randomized controlled trial.
- Source :
-
The American journal of clinical nutrition [Am J Clin Nutr] 2012 Feb; Vol. 95 (2), pp. 383-94. Date of Electronic Publication: 2011 Dec 28. - Publication Year :
- 2012
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Abstract
- Background: The composition of long-chain PUFAs (LCPUFAs) in the maternal diet may affect obesity risk in the mother's offspring.<br />Objective: We hypothesized that a reduction in the n-6 (omega-6):n-3 (omega-3) LCPUFA ratio in the diet of pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers may prevent expansive adipose tissue growth in their infants during the first year of life.<br />Design: In a randomized controlled trial, 208 healthy pregnant women were randomly assigned to an intervention (1200 mg n-3 LCPUFAs as a supplement per day and a concomitant reduction in arachidonic acid intake) or a control diet from the 15th wk of pregnancy to 4 mo of lactation. The primary outcome was infant fat mass estimated by skinfold thickness (SFT) measurements at 4 body sites at 3-5 d, 6 wk, and 4 and 12 mo postpartum. Secondary endpoints included sonographic assessment of abdominal subcutaneous and preperitoneal fat, fat distribution, and child growth.<br />Results: Infants did not differ in the sum of their 4 SFTs at ≤1 y of life [intervention: 24.1 ± 4.4 mm (n = 85); control: 24.1 ± 4.1 mm (n = 80); mean difference: -0.0 mm (95% CI: -1.3, 1.3 mm)] or in growth. Likewise, longitudinal ultrasonography showed no significant differences in abdominal fat mass or fat distribution.<br />Conclusions: We showed no evidence that supplementation with n-3 fatty acids and instructions to reduce arachidonic acid intake during pregnancy and lactation relevantly affects fat mass in offspring during the first year of life. Prospective long-term studies are needed to explore the efficacy of this dietary approach for primary prevention. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00362089.
- Subjects :
- Abdominal Fat diagnostic imaging
Abdominal Fat drug effects
Adipose Tissue metabolism
Adult
Arachidonic Acid administration & dosage
Body Fat Distribution
Breast Feeding
Female
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Longitudinal Studies
Pregnancy
Skinfold Thickness
Ultrasonography
Adipose Tissue drug effects
Dietary Fats administration & dosage
Dietary Supplements
Fatty Acids, Omega-3 pharmacology
Fatty Acids, Omega-6 pharmacology
Lactation
Obesity metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1938-3207
- Volume :
- 95
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The American journal of clinical nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 22205307
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.022590