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Improving malaria control in West Africa: interruption of transmission as a paradigm shift.
- Source :
-
Acta tropica [Acta Trop] 2012 Mar; Vol. 121 (3), pp. 175-83. Date of Electronic Publication: 2011 Nov 28. - Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- With the paradigm shift from the reduction of morbidity and mortality to the interruption of transmission, the focus of malaria control broadens from symptomatic infections in children ≤5 years of age to include asymptomatic infections in older children and adults. In addition, as control efforts intensify and the number of interventions increases, there will be decreases in prevalence, incidence and transmission with additional decreases in morbidity and mortality. Expected secondary consequences of these changes include upward shifts in the peak ages for infection (parasitemia) and disease, increases in the ages for acquisition of antiparasite humoral and cellular immune responses and increases in false-negative blood smears and rapid diagnostic tests. Strategies to monitor these changes must include: (1) studies of the entire population (that are not restricted to children ≤5 or ≤10 years of age), (2) study sites in both cities and rural areas (because of increasing urbanization across sub-Saharan Africa) and (3) innovative strategies for surveillance as the prevalence of infection decreases and the frequency of false-negative smears and rapid diagnostic tests increases.<br /> (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Africa, Western epidemiology
Animals
Anopheles parasitology
Antibodies, Protozoan immunology
Antimalarials pharmacology
Communicable Disease Control legislation & jurisprudence
Communicable Disease Control organization & administration
Drug Resistance, Microbial
Genotype
Humans
Immunity, Cellular
Incidence
Malaria, Falciparum epidemiology
Malaria, Falciparum immunology
Malaria, Falciparum parasitology
National Health Programs organization & administration
Parasitemia epidemiology
Parasitemia immunology
Parasitemia parasitology
Parasitemia prevention & control
Plasmodium falciparum drug effects
Plasmodium falciparum genetics
Plasmodium falciparum immunology
Prevalence
Seasons
Sensitivity and Specificity
Communicable Disease Control methods
Disease Transmission, Infectious prevention & control
Malaria, Falciparum prevention & control
Plasmodium falciparum pathogenicity
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-6254
- Volume :
- 121
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Acta tropica
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 22142790
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.11.009