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Topiramate attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in gerbils via activating GABAergic signaling and inhibiting astrogliosis.
- Source :
-
Neurochemistry international [Neurochem Int] 2012 Jan; Vol. 60 (1), pp. 39-46. Date of Electronic Publication: 2011 Nov 07. - Publication Year :
- 2012
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Abstract
- Impaired GABAergic inhibitory synaptic transmission plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of selective neuronal cell death following transient global ischemia. GABA(A) receptor (GABA(A)R), K⁺-Cl⁻ co-transporter 2 (KCC2), Na⁺-K⁺-Cl⁻ co-transporter 1 (NKCC1) and astrocytes are of particular importance to GABAergic transmission. The present study was designed to explore whether the neuroprotective effect of topiramate (TPM) was linked with the alterations of GABAergic signaling and astrocytes. The bilateral carotid arteries were occluded, and TPM (80 mg/kg/day (divided twice daily), i.p.) was injected into gerbils. At day 1, 3 and 7 post-ischemia, neurological deficit was scored and changes in hippocampal neuronal cell death were evaluated by Nissl staining. The apoptosis-related regulatory proteins (procaspase-3, caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2) and GABAergic signal molecules (GABA(A)R α1, GABA(A)R γ2, KCC2 and NKCC1) were also detected using western blot assay. In addition, the fluorescent intensity and protein level of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a major component of astrocyte, were examined by confocal and immunoblot analysis. Our results showed that TPM treatment significantly decreased neurological deficit scores, attenuated the ischemia-induced neuronal loss and remarkably decreased the expression levels of procaspase-3, caspase-3 as well as the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. Besides, treatment with TPM also resulted in the increased protein expressions of GABA(A)R α1, GABA(A)R γ2 and KCC2 together with the decreased protein level of NKCC1 in gerbils hippocampus. Furthermore, fluorescent intensity and protein level of GFAP were evidently reduced in TPM-treated gerbils. These findings suggest that the therapeutic effect of TPM on global ischemia/reperfusion injury appears to be associated with the enhancement of GABAergic signaling and the inhibition of astrogliosis in gerbils.<br /> (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Apoptosis drug effects
Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins metabolism
Astrocytes metabolism
Astrocytes pathology
Brain Ischemia metabolism
Cell Death drug effects
Fructose pharmacology
Fructose therapeutic use
Gerbillinae
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein metabolism
Gliosis pathology
Hippocampus drug effects
Hippocampus metabolism
Male
Neurons drug effects
Neurons metabolism
Neurons pathology
Neuroprotective Agents pharmacology
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 metabolism
Reperfusion Injury metabolism
Reperfusion Injury pathology
Topiramate
bcl-2-Associated X Protein metabolism
Astrocytes drug effects
Brain Ischemia drug therapy
Fructose analogs & derivatives
Gliosis metabolism
Neuroprotective Agents therapeutic use
Receptors, GABA-A metabolism
Reperfusion Injury drug therapy
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1872-9754
- Volume :
- 60
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Neurochemistry international
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 22085431
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2011.10.015