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Toll-like receptor 9 mediates oral bacteria-induced IL-8 expression in gingival epithelial cells.
- Source :
-
Immunology and cell biology [Immunol Cell Biol] 2012 Jul; Vol. 90 (6), pp. 655-63. Date of Electronic Publication: 2011 Oct 04. - Publication Year :
- 2012
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Abstract
- Previously, we reported that various oral bacteria regulate interleukin (IL)-8 production differently in gingival epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to characterize the pattern recognition receptor(s) that mediate bacteria-induced IL-8 expression. Among ligands that mimic bacterial components, only a Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 ligand enhanced IL-8 expression as determined by ELISA. Both normal and immortalized human gingival epithelial (HOK-16B) cells expressed TLR9 intracellularly and showed enhanced IL-8 expression in response to CpG-oligonucleotide. The ability of eight strains of four oral bacterial species to induce IL-8 expression in HOK-16B cells, and their invasion capacity were examined in the absence or presence of 2% human serum. The ability of purified bacterial DNA (bDNA) to induce IL-8 was also examined. Six out of eight strains increased IL-8 production in the absence of serum. Usage of an endosomal acidification blocker or a TLR9 antagonist inhibited the IL-8 induction by two potent strains. In the presence of serum, many strains lost the ability to induce IL-8 and presented substantially reduced invasion capacity. The IL-8-inducing ability of bacteria in the absence or presence of serum showed a strong positive correlation with their invasion index. The IL-8-inducing ability of bacteria in the absence of human serum was also correlated with the immunostimulatory activity of its bDNA. The observed immunostimulatory activity of the bDNA could not be linked to its CpG motif content. In conclusion, oral bacteria induce IL-8 in gingival epithelial cells through TLR9 and the IL-8-inducing ability depends on the invasive capacity and immunostimulating DNA.
- Subjects :
- Cell Line
Epithelial Cells immunology
Epithelial Cells metabolism
Epithelial Cells microbiology
Gingiva metabolism
Gingiva microbiology
Humans
Interleukin-8 immunology
Toll-Like Receptor 9 antagonists & inhibitors
Toll-Like Receptor 9 immunology
Bacteria immunology
DNA, Bacterial immunology
Gingiva immunology
Interleukin-8 biosynthesis
Mouth microbiology
Toll-Like Receptor 9 metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1440-1711
- Volume :
- 90
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Immunology and cell biology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 21968713
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/icb.2011.85