Properties improvement of paper mill sludge-based granular activated carbon fillers for fluidized-bed bioreactor by bentonite (Na) added and acid washing.

Authors :: Li Y
Yue Q
Li W
Gao B
Li J
Du J
Source :: Journal of hazardous materials [J Hazard Mater] 2011 Dec 15; Vol. 197, pp. 33-9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2011 Sep 17.
Publication Year :: 2011
Abstract: Properties improvement of paper mill sludge (PMS) based granular activated carbon fillers for fluidized-bed bioreactor (FBBR) was investigated in this study. Bentonite (Na) powders were blended in the dewatered paper mill sludge powders to strengthen the abrasion resistance strength of the fillers. Different acid washing treatments were studied to produce FBBR fillers with optimum performance. The results indicated that granulation was easy and the abrasion resistance strength of the fillers increased by 15% with 8 wt% of bentonite (Na) added. Acid washing treatment prior to activation had a better effect on the removal of Fe than post-activation acid washing treatment. HCl was the most appropriate acid during the acid washing treatment. The optimum acid washing treatment was carried out prior to activation with 2M HCl soaking for 6h. After acid washing treatment, the fillers with grain density of 1170 kg/m(3), specific surface area of 176 m(2)/g were obtained.<br /> (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Subjects :: Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Acids chemistry
Bentonite chemistry
Bioreactors
Carbon
Paper
Sewage

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