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Metallic ions released from stainless steel, nickel-free, and titanium orthodontic alloys: toxicity and DNA damage.
- Source :
-
American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics [Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop] 2011 Sep; Vol. 140 (3), pp. e115-22. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- Introduction: The aims of this study were to determine the amounts of metallic ions that stainless steel, nickel-free, and titanium alloys release to a culture medium, and to evaluate the cellular viability and DNA damage of cultivated human fibroblasts with those mediums.<br />Methods: The metals were extracted from 10 samples (each consisting of 4 buccal tubes and 20 brackets) of the 3 orthodontic alloys that were submerged for 30 days in minimum essential medium. Next, the determination of metals was performed by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, cellular viability was assessed by using the tetrazolium reduction assay (MTT assay) (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), and DNA damage was determined with the Comet assay. The metals measured in all the samples were Ti(47), Cr(52), Mn(55), Co(59), Ni(60), Mo(92), Fe(56), Cu(63), Zn(66), As(75), Se(78), Cd(111), and Pb(208).<br />Results: The cellular viability of the cultured fibroblasts incubated for 7 days with minimum essential medium, with the stainless steel alloy submerged, was close to 0%. Moreover, high concentrations of titanium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, iron, copper, and zinc were detected. The nickel-free alloy released lower amounts of ions to the medium. The greatest damage in the cellular DNA, measured as the olive moment, was also produced by the stainless steel alloy followed by the nickel-free alloy. Conversely, the titanium alloy had an increased cellular viability and did not damage the cellular DNA, as compared with the control values.<br />Conclusions: The titanium brackets and tubes are the most biocompatible of the 3 alloys studied.<br /> (Copyright © 2011 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Cell Line
Cell Survival drug effects
Chromium Alloys toxicity
Comet Assay
Culture Media chemistry
DNA Damage
Humans
Ions analysis
Mass Spectrometry methods
Stainless Steel toxicity
Tetrazolium Salts
Thiazoles
Titanium toxicity
Dental Alloys toxicity
Fibroblasts drug effects
Metals analysis
Orthodontic Brackets adverse effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1097-6752
- Volume :
- 140
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 21889059
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2011.02.021