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Vaccination against heterologous R5 clade C SHIV: prevention of infection and correlates of protection.
- Source :
-
PloS one [PLoS One] 2011; Vol. 6 (7), pp. e22010. Date of Electronic Publication: 2011 Jul 20. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- A safe, efficacious vaccine is required to stop the AIDS pandemic. Disappointing results from the STEP trial implied a need to include humoral anti-HIV-1 responses, a notion supported by RV144 trial data even though correlates of protection are unknown. We vaccinated rhesus macaques with recombinant simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Gag-Pol particles, HIV-1 Tat and trimeric clade C (HIV-C) gp160, which induced cross-neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and robust cellular immune responses. After five low-dose mucosal challenges with a simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) that encoded a heterologous R5 HIV-C envelope (22.1% divergence from the gp160 immunogen), 94% of controls became viremic, whereas one third of vaccinees remained virus-free. Upon high-dose SHIV rechallenge, all controls became infected, whereas some vaccinees remained aviremic. Peak viremia was inversely correlated with both cellular immunity (p<0.001) and cross-nAb titers (p<0.001). These data simultaneously linked cellular as well as humoral immune responses with the degree of protection for the first time.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Fusion Proteins, gag-pol immunology
HIV Envelope Protein gp160 immunology
HIV Infections immunology
Humans
Infant
Macaca mulatta
Vaccines, Synthetic immunology
Viremia prevention & control
tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus immunology
HIV Infections prevention & control
HIV-1 immunology
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus immunology
Vaccination methods
Viral Vaccines immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1932-6203
- Volume :
- 6
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- PloS one
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 21799765
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022010