Assessment of gastroesophageal reflux disease by serodiagnosis of Helicobacter pylori-related chronic gastritis stage.

Aim: To evaluate the association of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori)-related chronic gastritis stage with upper gastrointestinal symptoms and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Methods: Subjects underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, a questionnaire using a frequency scale for symptoms of GERD (FSSG), and measurements of serum H.pylori-antibody and pepsinogen (PG) levels. They were classified into the following 4 groups in terms of H.pylori-related chronic gastritis stage: Group A (n = 219), H.pylori(-)PG(-); Group B (n = 310), H.pylori(+)PG(-); Group C (n = 279), H.pylori(+)PG(+); and Group D (n = 17), H.pylori(-)PG(+).
Results: Reflux esophagitis occurred in 30.6% of Group A, 14.5% of Group B, 6.8% of Group C, and 0% of Group D (P < 0.001). Scores for acid reflux symptoms decreased significantly with chronic gastritis stage (from Group A to D) (P < 0.05), while scores for dysmotility symptoms did not differ significantly. The prevalence of non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) did not differ among groups. However, in subjects with GERD, the prevalence of NERD tended to increase with chronic gastritis stage (P = 0.081).
Conclusion: Acid reflux symptoms and the prevalence of reflux esophagitis can be assessed by measuring both serum H.pylori-antibody and PG levels.