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Relationship of blood pressure and obesity with inflammatory cytokines among African Americans.
- Source :
-
Therapeutic advances in cardiovascular disease [Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis] 2011 Jun; Vol. 5 (3), pp. 149-57. Date of Electronic Publication: 2011 May 09. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- Objectives: Hypertension and obesity are major public health issues. Both conditions are highly prevalent among African Americans and contribute to the increased burden of cardiovascular disease in this group. Inflammation is considered to be an underlying process in both conditions. The authors sought to determine if there is an interaction between high blood pressure (HBP) and obesity that is associated with markedly elevated plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines in African American adults.<br />Methods: This study examined 484 African Americans, aged 18-45 years, including people with and without obesity, and also with and without HBP. People known to have diabetes were not enrolled. Plasma levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and adiponectin were measured. Participants also underwent an oral glucose tolerance test and measurement of blood pressure and body mass index (BMI).<br />Results: There was no statistically significant interaction between obesity and HBP on plasma levels of adiponectin or the inflammatory cytokines. When both conditions were present, HBP and obesity had additive associations with the expected geometric mean ratios for IL-6 (1.44, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.75), TNF-α (1.31, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.53), hsCRP (2.55, 95% CI 1.99 to 3.26) and negative association with adiponectin (0.61, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.71). Compared with HBP, obesity had the predominant association with cytokine levels. An increase in cytokine plasma levels was detectable when BMI exceeded 25 kg/m2.<br />Conclusions: Biomarkers of inflammation in African Americans are strongly associated with BMI. A modest additive effect is found with HBP. Interventions to reduce obesity-related inflammation may impact cardiovascular disease outcomes.
- Subjects :
- Adiponectin blood
Adolescent
Adult
Analysis of Variance
Blood Glucose analysis
Body Mass Index
C-Reactive Protein analysis
Female
Humans
Hypertension immunology
Hypertension physiopathology
Insulin blood
Interleukin-6 blood
Linear Models
Male
Obesity immunology
Obesity physiopathology
Philadelphia epidemiology
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 blood
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha blood
Up-Regulation
Young Adult
Black or African American statistics & numerical data
Blood Pressure
Cytokines blood
Hypertension ethnology
Inflammation Mediators blood
Obesity ethnology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1753-9455
- Volume :
- 5
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Therapeutic advances in cardiovascular disease
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 21558084
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1177/1753944711408757