Immunosuppressive therapy with oral prednisone to prevent restenosis after PCI. A multicenter randomized trial.

Background: Prednisone at immunosuppressive doses after stenting has shown remarkable efficacy in reducing ischemic recurrences in nondiabetic patients with high post-procedural levels of C-reactive protein; the study aim was to compare the clinical outcome obtained in a control group of patients treated with bare metal stents versus 2 other study groups--bare metal stent plus oral prednisone or drug eluting stents--assuming similar optimal adjunctive medical treatment.
Methods: Five tertiary Italian hospitals enrolled 375 nondiabetic patients with coronary artery disease and no contraindications to dual antiplatelet treatment or corticosteroid therapy in a randomized, controlled study performed between 2007 and 2009. Patients were allocated into 3 study groups: bare metal stents (controls), bare metal stents followed by a 40-day prednisone treatment, or drug-eluting stents. The primary endpoint was the event-free survival of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and recurrence of ischemia needing repeated target vessel revascularization at 1 year as adjudicated by an independent clinical events committee.
Results: One-year follow-up was obtained in all patients. Patients receiving bare metal stents alone as compared to those treated with prednisone or drug-eluting stents had lower event-free survival; the primary endpoint was 80.8% in controls compared to 88.0% in the prednisone and 88.8% in the drug-eluting stent groups, respectively (P=.04 and .006).
Conclusion: Compared with bare metal stents alone, prednisone treatment after bare metal stents or drug-eluting stent implantation result in a better event-free survival at 1 year.
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