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Serotonin toxicity: a short review of the literature and two case reports involving citalopram.
- Source :
-
Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology [Neurol Sci] 2011 Jun; Vol. 32 (3), pp. 507-9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2011 Apr 14. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- The serotonin toxicity (ST) is a potentially life-threatening adverse drug reaction results from therapeutic drug use, intentional self-poisoning, or inadvertent interactions between drugs. ST can be caused by a single or a combination of drugs with serotonergic activity due to excessive serotonergic agonism on central nervous system and peripheral serotonergic receptors (monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, SSRIs, opiate analgesics, over-the-counter cough medicines, antibiotics, weight-reduction agents, antiemetics, antimigraine agents, drugs of abuse, H2-antagonist and herbal products). The serotonin toxicity is often described as a clinical triad of mental-status changes (agitation and excitement with confusion), autonomic hyperactivity (diaphoresis, fever, tachycardia, and tachypnea), neuromuscular abnormalities (tremor, clonus, myoclonus, and hyperreflexia) and, in the advanced stage, spasticity; not all of these findings are consistently present. In this article, we describe two cases of ST due to interaction between Citalopram and two CYP2D6 inhibitors: Cimetidine and Topiramate and their clinical resolution after treatment discontinuation.
- Subjects :
- Aged
Cimetidine administration & dosage
Cimetidine adverse effects
Citalopram administration & dosage
Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 physiology
Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors
Female
Fructose administration & dosage
Fructose adverse effects
Fructose analogs & derivatives
Humans
Male
Serotonin Syndrome metabolism
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors administration & dosage
Topiramate
Citalopram adverse effects
Serotonin Syndrome chemically induced
Serotonin Syndrome diagnosis
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors adverse effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1590-3478
- Volume :
- 32
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 21491099
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-011-0546-z