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Isoflurane activates intestinal sphingosine kinase to protect against renal ischemia-reperfusion-induced liver and intestine injury.
- Source :
-
Anesthesiology [Anesthesiology] 2011 Feb; Vol. 114 (2), pp. 363-73. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- Background: Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of acute kidney injury and often leads to multiorgan dysfunction and systemic inflammation. Volatile anesthetics have potent antiinflammatory effects. We aimed to determine whether the representative volatile anesthetic isoflurane protects against acute kidney injury-induced liver and intestinal injury and to determine the mechanisms involved in this protection.<br />Methods: Mice were anesthetized with pentobarbital and subjected to 30 min of left renal ischemia after right nephrectomy, followed by exposure to 4 h of equianesthetic doses of pentobarbital or isoflurane. Five hours after renal IRI, plasma creatinine and alanine aminotransferase concentrations were measured. Liver and intestine tissues were analyzed for proinflammatory messenger RNA (mRNA) concentrations, histologic features, sphingosine kinase-1 (SK1) immunoblotting, SK1 activity, and sphingosine-1-phosphate concentrations.<br />Results: Renal IRI with pentobarbital led to severe renal, hepatic, and intestinal injury with focused periportal hepatocyte vacuolization; small-intestinal apoptosis; and proinflammatory mRNA up-regulation. Isoflurane protected against renal IRI and reduced hepatic and intestinal injury via induction of small-intestinal crypt SK1 mRNA, protein and enzyme activity, and increased sphingosine-1-phosphate. We confirmed the importance of SK1 because mice treated with a selective SK inhibitor or mice deficient in the SK1 enzyme were not protected against hepatic and intestinal dysfunction with isoflurane.<br />Conclusions: Isoflurane protects against multiorgan injury after renal IRI via induction of the SK1/sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway. Our findings may help to unravel the cellular signaling pathways of volatile anesthetic-mediated hepatic and intestinal protection and may lead to new therapeutic applications of volatile anesthetics during the perioperative period.
- Subjects :
- Acute Kidney Injury complications
Acute Kidney Injury enzymology
Anesthetics, Inhalation pharmacology
Animals
Enzyme Activation
Intestinal Diseases enzymology
Intestinal Diseases etiology
Intestine, Small drug effects
Intestine, Small enzymology
Kidney drug effects
Kidney enzymology
Liver drug effects
Liver enzymology
Liver Diseases enzymology
Liver Diseases etiology
Male
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) drug effects
Reperfusion Injury enzymology
Up-Regulation drug effects
Acute Kidney Injury prevention & control
Intestinal Diseases prevention & control
Isoflurane pharmacology
Liver Diseases prevention & control
Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) metabolism
Reperfusion Injury prevention & control
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1528-1175
- Volume :
- 114
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Anesthesiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 21245730
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0b013e3182070c3a