Do perioperative blood transfusions influence prognosis of gastric cancer patients? Analysis of 927 patients and interactions with splenectomy.

Background: This study was to assess the influence of perioperative blood transfusions on the prognosis of patients undergoing a potentially curative resection for gastric cancer and to investigate the interaction between transfusions and splenectomy.
Materials and Methods: Between January 1990 and December 2005, 927 patients from 6 Italian tertiary referral centers underwent curative resections for gastric cancer. Clinical and pathologic variables were prospectively collected. The influence of perioperative blood transfusions on survival were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis. Moreover, the influence of splenectomy both in transfused and nontransfused patients undergoing total gastrectomy was also evaluated.
Results: The overall 5-year survival was 54.6%. The 5-year survival rate in transfused patients (n = 327) was 50.6% compared with 56.6% in nontransfused patients (n = 600) (P = .094). In the subgroup of patients who underwent total gastrectomy with spleen preservation (n = 209), 5-year survival rate was 46% and 51.4% in transfused and nontransfused patients, respectively (P = .418); those who underwent total gastrectomy with splenectomy (n = 199) presented a 5-year survival rate of 45% in transfused group compared with 39.1% in nontransfused patients (P = .571).
Conclusions: Our study indicates a slightly, but not significantly, negative effect of allogeneic blood transfusion on prognosis of gastric cancer patients. In the subgroup of patients who underwent total gastrectomy, splenectomy seems to invert this mild effect, with a positive influence on overall survival.