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Epidemiology, radiology, and genetics of nicotine dependence in COPD.
- Source :
-
Respiratory research [Respir Res] 2011 Jan 13; Vol. 12, pp. 9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2011 Jan 13. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- Background: Cigarette smoking is the principal environmental risk factor for developing COPD, and nicotine dependence strongly influences smoking behavior. This study was performed to elucidate the relationship between nicotine dependence, genetic susceptibility to nicotine dependence, and volumetric CT findings in smokers.<br />Methods: Current smokers with COPD (GOLD stage ≥ 2) or normal spirometry were analyzed from the COPDGene Study, a prospective observational study. Nicotine dependence was determined by the Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND). Volumetric CT acquisitions measuring the percent of emphysema on inspiratory CT (% of lung <-950 HU) and gas trapping on expiratory CT (% of lung <-856 HU) were obtained. Genotypes for two SNPs in the CHRNA3/5 region (rs8034191, rs1051730) previously associated with nicotine dependence and COPD were analyzed for association to COPD and nicotine dependence phenotypes.<br />Results: Among 842 currently smoking subjects (335 COPD cases and 507 controls), 329 subjects (39.1%) showed high nicotine dependence. Subjects with high nicotine dependence had greater cumulative and current amounts of smoking. However, emphysema severity was negatively correlated with the FTND score in controls (ρ = -0.19, p < .0001) as well as in COPD cases (ρ = -0.18, p = 0.0008). Lower FTND score, male gender, lower body mass index, and lower FEV1 were independent risk factors for emphysema severity in COPD cases. Both CHRNA3/5 SNPs were associated with FTND in current smokers. An association of genetic variants in CHRNA3/5 with severity of emphysema was only found in former smokers, but not in current smokers.<br />Conclusions: Nicotine dependence was a negative predictor for emphysema on CT in COPD and control smokers. Increased inflammation in more highly addicted current smokers could influence the CT lung density distribution, which may influence genetic association studies of emphysema phenotypes.
- Subjects :
- Aged
Analysis of Variance
Case-Control Studies
Chi-Square Distribution
Female
Forced Expiratory Volume
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Humans
Linear Models
Male
Middle Aged
Phenotype
Prospective Studies
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive diagnostic imaging
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive genetics
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive physiopathology
Pulmonary Emphysema diagnostic imaging
Pulmonary Emphysema epidemiology
Pulmonary Emphysema genetics
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Severity of Illness Index
Smoking adverse effects
Smoking genetics
Spirometry
Tobacco Use Disorder genetics
United States epidemiology
Nerve Tissue Proteins genetics
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive epidemiology
Receptors, Nicotinic genetics
Smoking epidemiology
Tobacco Use Disorder epidemiology
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1465-993X
- Volume :
- 12
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Respiratory research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 21232152
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/1465-9921-12-9